When a material is 'waterproof', it fits into criteria outlined by a governing specification and clear conditions of a laboratory test. In essence, waterproof fabrics are materials that are resistant to penetration by water. This type of waterproof fabric is an invaluable tool when it comes to making household goods, outdoor clothing, shoes and other lifestyle equipment. Waterproofing agents can adhere to the material during the manufacturing process. The end product may then be 'waterproof'. Let's explore some of the most common types of waterproof fabric that are in circulation today.
Pirms mēs iedziļināmies ūdensnecaurlaidīgā audumā, ir svarīgi atšķirt dažus saistītos, bet ne identiskos terminus attiecībā uz audumu. Iespējams, jau iepriekš esat saskāries ar šiem noteikumiem, pērkot mēbeles savai mājai, interjera aksesuārus vai apģērbu. Izpratne par atšķirību sniegs jums acīmredzamu priekšstatu par to, kas ir ūdensizturīgs audums.
When a fabric is waterproof, it is impenetrable to water to an extent. Its ability to repel water is measured by testing how much pressure it can take before water begins to seep through. Fabric can only be referred to as waterproof if it possesses sealed seams. Provided it has that quality it can be considered waterproof. The quality of the enclosures and seals will determine how waterproof a product is. An excellent example of waterproof fabric is polyester fabric; this is a material that is highly unlikely to absorb moisture. We can weave polyester tightly to prevent water from passing through it. So it is very effective for producing household items such as beanbags and furniture.
Ūdens{0}}atgrūdoša auduma ražošanas process apgrūtina ūdens iekļūšanu audumā. Ūdeni atgrūdošiem izstrādājumiem parasti ir kāda veida pārklājums, nevis pats audums.
Šis auduma veids ir izturīgs pret ūdens iekļūšanu. Tas neuzturēs jūs sausu nekādos ekstremālos laikapstākļos, iespējams, ļoti vieglā lietus smidzināšanā. Šāda veida audumi nodrošina minimālu aizsardzības līmeni.
Tātad hidroizolācija ir visaugstākā līmeņa aizsardzība pret mitrumu. Tālāk mēs sīkāk aplūkojam ūdens{0}}izturīgus audumus.
Before we explore the different types of waterproof fabrics, let's take a look at their construction. A membrane is a layer of waterproof material bonded to the outer shell of a product or piece of equipment. The main types of waterproof, breathable fabrics, also known as WPB fabrics, consider two types of membrane. The first one is PU which stands for polyurethane, and the second is an ePTFE membrane or expanded polytetrafluoroethylene.
Bobs Gors 1978. gadā izstrādāja un izveidoja pašu pirmo ePTFE audumu. Viņš to nosauca par Gore{1}}Tex. Tālāk mēs sīkāk apspriedīsim Gore{2}}Tex.
Būtībā Bobs Gors uzzināja, ka, izstiepjot PTFE, tas veido ūdensnecaurlaidīgu virsmu ar miljoniem sīku poru. Šīs poras ir 700 reizes lielākas par ūdens tvaiku molekulu un 20 (000) reizes mazākas par ūdens molekulu. Izmēru atšķirība nozīmē, ka šķidrais ūdens nespēj iekļūt caur membrānu. Bet gāzveida ūdens tvaiki var.
PU pārklājums uz auduma has no pores, which makes it less breathable than ePTFE. Polyurethane also attracts water to the surface. The skin repels moisture in a process called molecular wicking. PU membranes don't always function well in damp and humid environments, although many manufacturers are developing a more breathable version of this fabric.
Laminēti audumi, piemēram, kokvilna, ir izplatīti un efektīvi. Kokvilnai tiek piešķirts plāns ūdensizturīgs pārklājums, lai padarītu to ūdensizturīgu. Šī hidroizolācijas versija ir arī daudz videi draudzīgāka nekā citi avoti, jo viena puse ir dabīgs audums. Laminēts audums ir ideāli piemērots cepurēm, jakām un slēpošanas apģērbam; tas labi darbojas ekstremālos laika apstākļos. Kokvilnas aizmugurē ir piestiprināts ūdens{0}}izturīgs slānis, kas uzlabo hidroizolāciju. Lai gan pēc šī procesa audums kļūst mazāk kaļams, tas rada spēcīgu struktūru un joprojām ir ļoti elpojošs.
When they stand alone, polyester and nylon aren't waterproof in their own right, but they are water-resistant due to their tightly knit weave. Again, a special coating can make them waterproof; a layer of polyurethane on the interior of the fabric allows it to withstand rain and other water splashes. Polyester and nylon are much less breathable, and they aren't quite as strong as others. Ripstop nylon fabric can't go unnoticed as one of the sturdiest in this particular material family. In the second World War, they even used it to create parachutes due to its waterproof and rip-proof qualities.
Šie ir labi ūdensizturīgu, mākslīgu materiālu piemēri, kurus varat atrast daudzos sadzīves priekšmetos. No paklājiņiem līdz kosmētikas somiņām šāda veida audums ir ļoti ūdensizturīgs. Tas ne tikai neļauj ūdenim izsūkties cauri, bet arī ir vienlīdz izturīgs un elastīgs, sniedzot jums labāko no abām pasaulēm.
Termoplastiskais poliuretāns ir ļoti mīksts, elastīgs un videi draudzīgāks nekā citas iespējas, piemēram, PUL vai poliuretāna lamināts. Šis ūdensnecaurlaidīgais materiāls ir piemērots atkārtoti lietojamiem autiņiem, jo tas ir uzsūcošs un ērts.
Flīss ir klasificēts kā ūdens{0}}izturīgs audums, ja vien tas ir pietiekami biezs. Flīss ir vēl viens auduma veids, kas ir noderīgs auduma autiņu ārējam slānim. Uzmanīgi uzklājot ūdeni atgrūdošu pārklājumu, flīss var kļūt ūdensizturīgāks-, nekā tas ir dabiski.
Poliuretāna lamināts ir audums no visiem audumiem, kas paši par sevi ir ūdensizturīgi. PUL ir poliestera audums, kam ir plastmasas pamatne ar plānu ūdensnecaurlaidīgu slāni. Poliuretāna lamināts ir pilnībā ūdensizturīgs audums, kā arī ir elpojošs un elastīgs. Vislabākā poliestera PUL lieta ir tā, ka tas ir plāns, gluds un to var mazgāt daudzas reizes, neradot nekādus bojājumus.
One of the main advantages of wool is that it is entirely natural and it's water-resistant. Although it may not be fully waterproof, you can add a coat of lanolin and improve its protection significantly. Boiled wool is extremely water-resistant as the boiling process makes the fabric thicker and denser.
Eļļas audums būtībā ir linu audums ar vārītas linsēklu eļļas pārklājumu, lai padarītu to pilnīgi ūdensizturīgu. Mūsdienu-eļļas audumu var izveidot, izmantojot kokvilnas materiālu un caurspīdīgu vinila slāni virsū. Eļļas lupatiņai ir maz apkopes; noslaukiet tīru materiālu, kas tika izmantots galdautiem, somām un virtuves piederumiem.
Whether you're looking to buy furniture or invest in new protective clothing, you may want to keep an eye out for some of the hottest brands when it comes to waterproof fabric. Here are the top branded waterproof fabrics that you can buy right now.
The best in the industry and the most popular when it comes to waterproof fabric is most definitely Gore-Tex. It is a brand recognised across households across the globe, and it's because they are one of the first and top-performing waterproof fabric creators. Gore-Tex fabrics utilise an ePTFE membrane with an extremely thin polyurethane coating to create a waterproof, breathable fabric. These fabrics are available in standard 2L and 3L constructions, along with a Gore-Tex precise lining construction. Paired with one of Gore-Tex's patented backing options, these constructions offer protection from leisure activities to professional sporting and outdoor events.
Gore-Tex has a 'guarantee to keep you dry' promise, which gives peace of mind to any customer thinking of investing in one of their waterproof products. Gore-Tex creates its products with the future in mind; they promise that your product will remain protective for its entire lifetime. GoreTex works alongside a wide range of outdoor apparel brands including The North Face Marmot and Patagonia.
Pertex Shield uses a PU laminate rather than an ePTFE membrane to keep it's fabric waterproof. The wide range of options with Pertex Shield is outstanding; they offer fabrics suitable for all sorts of conditions, from intense outdoor sports to long hikes. Pertex Shield also partners with brands such as The North Face.
The membrane of the Polartec Neoshell uses a porous polyurethane. Polartec Neoshell was initially referred to as a waterproof, breathable fabric for outdoor adventurers who thrive on physical activity. As well as letting water vapour pass through, Neoshell also moves air through the membrane via convection. This makes Neoshell an air-permeable membrane. It has to be noted that this was the first company to do so. Many argue that eVent is much more permeable and it's been out longer, but it was still the first to outwardly advertise itself in this way.
Papildus ūdensnecaurlaidīgajiem, elpojošajiem elementiem Neoshell membrānai ir arī četros -virzienos elastīga funkcija, kas tiek uzskatīta par ērtāku valkāšanai nekā citi salīdzināmi izturīgāki apģērbi. Vairāki populārākie zīmoli bieži sadarbojas ar Polartec Neoshell, piemēram, Altra, Marmot un Eddie Bauer. Neoshell arī turpina sazaroties un veido ūdensizturīgu, elpojošu audumu.
Daži citi ūdensnecaurlaidīgu materiālu zīmoli, kas jāņem vērā, ir OutDry Extreme, H2No, DryVent, AscentShell, Dry Q un Marmot.
Hopefully, you have discovered everything you need to know about the different types of waterproof fabric and how they come in useful in your day to day life. Whether you're choosing outerwear for a big adventure or you're looking for a stylish new beanbag for your home, you now know what constitutes a high quality, waterproof product.
Ja meklējat labāko auduma veidu vai vēlaties pārliecināties, ka jūsu jaunais ieguldījums ir ūdensnecaurlaidīgs, noteikti pārbaudiet gaisa caurlaidības un ūdensnecaurlaidības vērtējumus. Ir pieejami vairāki dažādi testi, kas padara procesu nedaudz mulsinošu, taču šī informācija sniegs visu, kas jums jāzina par produkta ūdensizturību.
Essentially, most fabrics can be made waterproof as long as the right type of layer or backing is added to it. There are different fabrics for unique purposes, so if you're looking to get crafty and start making your own waterproof clothing and accessories, then you know where to begin!
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